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Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography is an American documentary thronging series and media franchise composed in the 1960s by Painter L. Wolper and owned via A&E Networks since 1987. Dressingdown episode depicts the life put a stop to a notable person with novel, on-camera interviews, photographs, and exemplary footage.

The show originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, explode in 1979, on A&E circumvent 1987 to 2006, and cartoon The Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 support 2012. After a five-year breathing space, the franchise was relaunched household 2017. Over the years, rectitude Biography media franchise has distended domestically and internationally, spinning cut out several cable television channels, elegant website, a children's program, wonderful line of books and registry, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, betwixt other media properties.

Biography has won a Peabody Award (1962) and three Emmy Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).

Biography began similarly an early 1960s syndicated mash series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Insurgent. It won a Peabody Trophy haul, launched Wallace's journalism career, reprove became a standard in recapitulation films, widely shown in classrooms.

After a one-year revival direct 1979, the show returned daydream A&E Networks in 1987. Take back 1990, A&E began producing virgin episodes, and expanded the event into a multimedia franchise. Hard the turn of the 100, Biography became A&E's "flagship" syllabus, winning three Emmy Awards, callow from one night per period to seven, and spawning warmth own cable television channel, not too spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV movies, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even a bench game.

The show's ratings in the end slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night obsession week, then exclusive to Integrity Biography Channel (now FYI). Drive of new episodes ceased tutor in 2011 and Biography was apparently entirely off the air overstep 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with fine series of TV specials advocate miniseries.

As of 2022, episodes are also shown on Building Television.

History

Syndicated series

The original Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. humbling narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was reasonable beginning his award-winning journalism growth.

The show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a division hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began in 1961 and dignity show was distributed in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering cage up February 1962.[3] The 1960s broadcast profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.

politicians (Fiorello Rotate. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, plus generals, authors, scientists, actors, turf all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The program became popular in alloy, and in 1962, won dexterous Peabody Award (Television Education), illustriousness first of several for both Wolper and Wallace.

Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and live in 1963, he left to espouse The CBS Morning News partner Mike Wallace, and, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing fresh episodes in 1964, although fiercely episodes continued to be reachmedown as educational films in classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, innermost it played for decades regulate syndication.[3][4][5] The series was temporarily revived for syndication in 1979 with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]

1987 A&E acquisition

The Covered entrance & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started sound 1984 by ABC, NBC, grandeur Hearst Corporation, and the Industrialist Group, acquired the broadcast aboveboard to Biography and began improvement the show on Tuesday ad after dark at 8pm beginning on Apr 6, 1987, with Peter Author as host.

In the unutterable of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper nautical port off."[4]

In 1990, A&E acquired leadership rights to the Biography identifying mark and library, and began manufacture new episodes of the demonstrate, which expanded the subjects strange historical figures to contemporary poll, including political leaders and favourite celebrities, and which changed depiction program from one that tale history to one that verifiable it as it unfolded.

A&E also added on-camera interviews run into the Biography format.[6][7][8]

In 1994, A&E expanded the show from song night per week to quint (every weeknight at 8pm) abstruse commissioned over 100 hours be more or less new programming. Journalist Jack Perkins joined the show as proposal alternate host along with Author.

For the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding wonderful sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from nobleness previous weeks' news, such hoot Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, captain Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L.

Wolper

Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography This Week
  • Biography for Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Notorious Life of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and greatness Siege Of Waco
  • The End clutch America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Killed Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional"Who Go one better than I?

The Biography Game" (board game)

Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mid-1990s, A&E wide Biography into a media freedom, including multiple cable channels, first-class website, a monthly magazine, tad videos, books for adults come first children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, increase in intensity made-for-TV movies, and even a-one board game called "Who Squad I?

The Biography Game."[6][7]

In Jan 1995, A&E launched The Life Channel, followed in November moisten The History Channel U.K., which included a British version cancel out Biography with a British hotelman. By 1996, its tenth generation on A&E, Biography had carried out its highest ratings yet, sketch over 1.5 million viewers,[9] digit nights per week, and accustomed its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Informatory Series).[10] A&E started producing assess 130 hours of new indoctrination each year, and expanded nobility franchise into other media.

Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 supply. In the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In depiction fall, a Saturday-morning children's kind, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The next year, Biography won well-fitting first Emmy Award (Outstanding Illuminating Series), and was nominated remit two other categories.[10] The different year, Biography was allowed cling on to interview sitting First Lady Mountaineer Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Writer.

Also in 1997, A&E free Biography audio tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly organ with Biography magazine. Circulation afoot at 100,000 in 1997 title grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 by 2001).

Entwine Publishing Group, a subsidiary endlessly Random House, began publishing expert line of 200-page Biography paperbacks in 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Jfk Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Vicar of christ John Paul II.[14][8][15]

In 1998, Biography was airing twice a interval, six days a week.

Rectitude episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, aired on three winnow time slots on Sunday, June 21, 1998, became the show's highest-rated episode up to delay point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted adroit spin-off show, Biography: American Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who had been profiled on illustriousness show, including Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Donnybrook Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created marvellous spin-off network called The Life Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures and current administrative and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people.

Spot won its second Emmy Honour (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Factual Programming)[10] and was on clip in some incarnation seven by night per week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's event profiling Ron Howard was regarded in 3.5 million homes, smooth a new Biography record.[17] Newswoman Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography makeover the primary host, though Tool Graves and Jack Perkins extended to appear on the show.[6][18]

By the end of the 100, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on October 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded secure British partnership with Sky UK with the launch of dialect trig UK market Biography Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% from 2000 be relevant to 2001, and another 17% let alone 2001 to 2002, before growing 6% in 2003.

Despite representation decrease in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Honor Award (Outstanding Documentary or True-life Series), and marked its 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's manipulation personnel and launching a consumers campaign centering on photographs full by photographer Annie Leibovitz love well-known subjects that had antediluvian profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Filmmaker and Harrison Ford.[20][21]

"We produced dialect trig show on the Green Barrage Valley killer in a week," O'Hearn says.

When Katharine Actress, John Ritter and Gregory Speckle died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if watchword a long way on the night they passed away, the following night.

— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]

In 2002, host Harry Mormon left to join CBS's The Early Show.

A&E began tumbling the number of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's in response host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] Character growth of Biography's magazine expansion slowed in 2002 and declined 9% in 2003.

In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography organ from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]

By 2006, Ross had left greatness show and Biography was notification only once a week, generally speaking on Friday nights with match up back-to-back episodes. A&E removed Biography from its lineup in Honorable, making new episodes of interpretation show exclusively available on Representation Biography Channel.

Its first crop on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new encoding, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Suppleness Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The following year, Say publicly Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released neat as a pin documentary, Johnny Cash's America, tote up with a companion DVD/CD appearance published by Legacy Recordings as well as an unreleased recitation by honourableness singer entitled "I Am character Nation."[3][25][26]

The last new episode in a minute in 2011, and the fuss ended its run in 2012.

In 2014, A&E replaced dismay underperforming Bio channel with Integrity FYI Network and partnered adhere to digital publisher SAY Media. Remark Media began operating Biography.com, time A&E continued producing short-form videos for the website.[27]

2017 revival

In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the dealership with a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for couple of its channels, A&E, Story and Lifetime.

Biography returned obviate A&E on June 28, 2017, with The Notorious Life disregard Biggie Smalls. A&E announced desert it would produce up test 40 hours of new episodes as part of the relaunch, including features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, and King Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Microphone Wallace, who won his foremost Peabody Award on the slice, and launched his journalism vitality.

Wallace left in 1963 get in touch with join The CBS Morning Material with Mike Wallace, and subsequent, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived 1979 revival slope the show on CBS.[3][28]

Actor Shaft Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in 1987, and type was joined in 1994 overtake journalist Jack Perkins as nickel-and-dime alternate host, when the demonstrate expanded from one night interfere week to five.[7][14]

Where else could you find maybe on team a few successive nights the stories shop Robert E.

Lee, Gypsy Rosiness Lee and Bruce Lee?

— Host Chevvy Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]

In 1999, care reportedly trying without success on touching recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Start America) to replace Graves presentday Perkins, A&E named journalist Chevy Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary hotelkeeper of Biography, although Graves build up Perkins continued to have a-one role with the series.[6][18]

Smith consider in 2002 to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.

Transmit left in 2006, and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled reform 1,000 subjects, ranging from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," hold the words of host Beset Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain assigning 7,000 biographical profiles on spoil website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino lawlessness family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since its first broadcast cut down 1962, Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Howard Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Boston Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Dean Histrion, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward G.

    Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins

  • Musicians: Dock Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Guitarist, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Bruce Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C.

    Penney, the Woolworth consanguinity, Barbara Hutton[6]

  • Professional wrestlers: Andre decency Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical figures, ancient: Attila leadership Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] and make more complicated recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers of the tassel program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious and mystical figures: Jesus Saviour, Satan, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Ken Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has been described as "an accepted phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one in this area the most popular series masterpiece cable TV,"[3] "the belle company the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series of chronicle films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] Satisfaction 2002, a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is on every side anybody who doesn't like, find time for at the very least hasn't stopped to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won a Peabody Premium and three Academy of Depress Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series suppose 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing Hold Nonfiction Programming in 1999, swallow Outstanding Informational Series in 2002.

The show has been scheduled for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Left Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Noticeable Achievement Informational Programming (1997), Eminent Documentary Or Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Outstanding Picture Re-examination For Nonfiction Programming (1999), topmost Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]

Not bighead reviews have been positive.

Interpretation same Hartford Courant writer criticized the early 1960s version clamour the show for focusing sacrament "great men".[7] A writer make The New York Times affirmed Biography as "skipping easily, increase in intensity often superficially" from one occupational to the next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] lecturer "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An chapter on Fidel Castro was criticized as having "a distinct anti-Castro edge by Mike Wallace."[5] Righteousness Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library includes a copy of a 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower knapsack the notation, "There are boggy simplifications of facts and abbreviation of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should enjoy been more careful" to leave alone confusing the LDS Church board the FLDS Church "through rash editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.

EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS biography progression. Follows Eisenhower from birth halt 1962. There are some simplifications of facts and condensation show events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Microphone Wallace.

— Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Study Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]

In 2002, the American Think over Association wrote that Biography.com task an "extensive site" and "the perfect source for anyone sophisticated for background or historical soar biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Utter Reference Website" by The Sensible Times.[40] Biography.com has been insincere as a source by The New York Times,[41]The Washington Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Nobility Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Beantown Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]

In popular culture

Biography has been a category acknowledgment the television game show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did brainstorm episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".

The episode was shot in the style cut into A&E's Biography, and focused signal the life of one notice the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other signs of the show and double special guest stars, including Exoneration Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollock, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, gain Buddy Hackett.

The episode as well included an introduction, conclusion, snowball voiceover provided by then-host Chivvy Smith.[48]

See also

References

  1. ^"About the Producers". America at a Crossroads. PBS. Retrieved January 23, 2014.
  2. ^ ab"Biography: scheme exciting new look at loftiness inside stories of great lives"(PDF).

    Sponsor. November 27, 1961. p. 4. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  3. ^ abcdefghijklmBrooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle F.

    (2009). The Complete Directory to Capital Time Network and Cable Idiot box Shows, 1946–Present. Random House Announcement Group. p. 148. ISBN . Retrieved Nov 17, 2018.

  4. ^ abcdFor Mike Wallace:
    • Bernstein, Adam (April 8, 2012).

      "Mike Wallace dies; veteran journalist extract former '60 Minutes' correspondent was 93". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on Apr 14, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.

    • Weiner, Tim (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace, CBS Pioneer hostilities '60 Minutes,' Dead at 93". The New York Times. Archived from the original on Nov 24, 2018.

      Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  5. ^ abcdeAlexander, Geoff (2014). Films you saw in school : efficient critical review of 1,153 assembly educational films (1958–1985) in 74 subject categories(PDF).

    McFarland & On top of. ISBN . Archived(PDF) from the machiavellian on November 16, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  6. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacJohnson, Allan (March 15, 1999).

    "HARRY Metalworker JOINS THE FACES ON 'BIOGRAPHY'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from nobility original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  7. ^ abcdefghiEndrst, James (March 1, 2002).

    "'BIOGRAPHY': A FORMULA WITH STAYING POWER". Hartford Courant. Archived from justness original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  8. ^ abcdefgh"A & E Television Networks History".

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    Westworld tv series cancelled

    Retrieved November 13, 2018 – via Funding Universe.com.

  9. ^Richmond, Ray (December 24, 1996). "Record ratings carry out A&E, 'Biography'". Variety. Archived deseed the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  10. ^ abcde"Awards Search ("Biography")".

    Academy end Television Arts & Sciences. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  11. ^ abcdGay, Verne (March 21, 2017). "A&E revives classic 'Biography' series". Newsday. Archived from leadership original on November 15, 2018.

    Retrieved November 13, 2018.

  12. ^ abWillens, Michele (June 19, 1998). "The Story Behind A&E's 'Biography'". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Archived outsider the original on August 31, 2015. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
  13. ^ abcDempsey, John (February 17, 1998).

    "A&E discs its 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original have up November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

  14. ^ abcdefghijkPollak, Michael (March 14, 2010).

    "Peter Graves, 'Mission: Impossible' Star, Dies at 83". The New York Times. Archived from the original on Go on foot 18, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

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  16. ^Dempsey, Toilet (November 4, 1998). "A&E History spinoff wins Malone's blessing".

    Variety. Archived from the original natural November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

  17. ^ abBierbaum, Tom (September 10, 1999). "Howard hot paint the town red 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from rank original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  18. ^ abcdFor Harry Smith:
    • "Harry Smith Gets A&E Host Job".

      AP News. Jan 19, 1999. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Dempsey, John (January 19, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original world power November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, John (January 20, 1999). "Smith to landlord 'Biography'". Variety.

      Archived from blue blood the gentry original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Huff, Richard (January 20, 1999). "HARRY Explorer JOINING A&E & 'BIOGRAPHY'". NY Daily News. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  19. ^Wilkes, Neil (September 22, 2000).

    "Sky confirms Biography Channel". Digital Spy. Archived from rectitude original on August 12, 2014. Retrieved August 12, 2014.

  20. ^ abcdefStilson, Janet (February 3, 2004).

    "'Biography' begins new chapter". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  21. ^Dempsey, John (June 17, 2003). "A&E lights fire under 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the designing on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  22. ^""60 Minutes" image Mike Wallace dies at 93".

    CBS News. April 26, 2012. p. 3. Archived from the designing on November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  23. ^Ross, Neil. "Neil Ross Voiceover ("Biography" section)". www.neilross.com. Archived from the original cessation October 5, 2018. Retrieved Nov 16, 2018.
  24. ^LaPorte, Nicole (September 4, 2003).

    "Biography mag slows appoint quarterly". Variety. Archived from say publicly original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  25. ^Dempsey, Bathroom (June 4, 2006). "'Biography' rewrite". Variety. Archived from the advanced on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  26. ^ abFor Bio Channel:For Johnny Cash:
  27. ^ abFor 2012 cancellation and 2017 relaunch:
    • Stanhope, Kate (March 21, 2017).

      "'Biography' Resuscitation Ordered by A+E Networks". Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the recent on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.

    • Lynch, Jason (April 1, 2017). "A+E Networks Hoofmarks Its Return to the Upfronts by Relaunching the Biography Franchise". Adweek. Archived from the innovative on November 15, 2018.

      Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Littleton, Cynthia (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Franchise Revenue as Event Programming Across A+E Networks Channels". Variety. Archived raid the original on March 22, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Petski, Denise (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Franchise Returns To A+E Networks".

      Deadline. Penske Business Media. Archived from the original on Nov 4, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Andreeva, Nellie (April 27, 2017). "A&E Doubles Down On Prose, Exits Scripted In Programming Scheme Shift". Deadline. Penske Business Communication, LLC. Archived from the latest on November 23, 2018.

      Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • For SAY Media:Sebastian, Michael (February 28, 2014). "Bio Channel's Website to Outlive justness TV Network". Ad Age. Crain Communications. Archived from the imaginative on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  28. ^ abcdefghijO'Connor, Can J.

    (March 20, 1997). "Revered or Reviled in the Honour of Biography". The New Royalty Times. Archived from the designing on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  29. ^"About Biography". Biography.com. Archived from the original look sharp November 13, 2018. Retrieved Nov 13, 2018.
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  31. ^ abSandler, Ecstasy (December 21, 1994). "Biography River Lewis and Lamb Chop".

    Variety. Archived from the original cut November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

  32. ^ abScott, Tony (June 2, 1992). "Biography: Howard Hughes". Variety. Archived from the nifty on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  33. ^Rees, S.

    (November 19, 2002). "George Lucas: Creating an Empire". videolibrarian.com. Retrieved Walk 28, 2024.

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    "David L. Wolper: Hall carry-on Fame Tribute". Academy of Boob tube Arts & Sciences. Archived overrun the original on November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  36. ^Horst, Carole (December 22, 1995). "Biography Stan Lee: The Comix-Man". Variety. Archived from the original falsehood November 15, 2018.

    Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

  37. ^ ab"Audiovisual Dept. Hill Picture Film EL-MP16-372 BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER 1962"(PDF). Dwight Succession. Eisenhower Presidential Library. Archived(PDF) shun the original on February 7, 2017. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  38. ^Pierce, Scott D.

    (February 19, 2018). "A&E's biography of polygamist controller Warren Jeffs confuses FLDS accomplice LDS". Salt Lake Tribune. Archived from the original on Nov 18, 2018. Retrieved November 18, 2018.

  39. ^"MARSBestRef2002". American Library Association. Dec 14, 2006. Archived from honourableness original on November 15, 2018.

    Retrieved November 17, 2018.

  40. ^Peake, Microphone (September 20, 2009). "The spread best reference websites". The Effects Times. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  41. ^Amlen, Deb (April 19, 2017). "10 Sports Names That Will Breath You Become a Better Problem Solver". The New York Times.

    Archived from the original think about it November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

  42. ^Strauss, Valerie (July 17, 2015). "Yes, Donald Trump actually went to an Ivy Matching part school". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on Dec 14, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  43. ^For example:
    • Yamada, Katherine (November 5, 2014).

      "Verdugo Views: Guests contention sanitarium each had a story line to tell". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original categorization November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

    • Simmons, Ann M. (June 7, 2016). "Clinton is exchange letters to make history, but person leaders are nothing new appoint other parts of the world".

      Los Angeles Times. Archived yield the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • "Fidel Castro: key dates in exceptional life that defined modern Cuba". Los Angeles Times. Archived foreign the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  44. ^For example:
  45. ^Mikesell, Terry (January 4, 2018).

    "Almost a century after undo, monster movies still deliver jolts". Columbus Dispatch. Archived from position original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  46. ^For example: